They argue that most youths are not affected by violent video games. What both sides of this debate agree on is that it is possible for parents to take steps that limit the possible negative effects of video games. Much of the research on violent video game use relies on measures to assess aggression that don't correlate with real-world violence.
Some studies are observational and don't prove cause and effect. Federal crime statistics suggest that serious violent crimes among youths have decreased since , even as video game sales have soared. Parents can protect children from potential harm by limiting use of video games and taking other common-sense precautions. In its most recent policy statement on media violence, which includes discussion of video games as well as television, movies, and music, the AAP cites studies that link exposure to violence in the media with aggression and violent behavior in youths.
The AAP policy describes violent video games as one of many influences on behavior, noting that many children's television shows and movies also contain violent scenes.
But the authors believe that video games are particularly harmful because they are interactive and encourage role-playing. As such, the authors fear that these games may serve as virtual rehearsals for actual violence. These organizations express concern that exposure to aggressive behavior or violence in video games and other media may, over time, desensitize youths by numbing them emotionally, cause nightmares and sleep problems, impair school performance, and lead to aggressive behavior and bullying.
A report of the U. Surgeon General on the topic of youth violence made a similar judgment. Some meta-analyses of the literature — reviewing psychological research studies and large observational studies — have found an association between violent video games and increased aggressive thinking and behavior in youths. And some casual observers go further, assuming that tragic school shootings prove a link between such games and real-world aggression. In recent years, however, other researchers have challenged the popular view that violent video games are harmful.
Several of them contributed papers to a special issue of the Review of General Psychology , published in June by the American Psychological Association. In one paper, Dr. He also cited data from federal criminal justice agencies showing that serious violent crimes among youths have decreased since , even as video game sales have soared. Other researchers have challenged the association between violent video game use and school shootings, noting that most of the young perpetrators had personality traits, such as anger, psychosis, and aggression, that were apparent before the shootings and predisposed them to violence.
These factors make it more difficult to accept the playing of violent games as an independent risk factor. A comprehensive report of targeted school violence commissioned by the U. Secret Service and Department of Education concluded that more than half of attackers demonstrated interest in violent media, including books, movies, or video games.
However, the report cautioned that no particular behavior, including interest in violence, could be used to produce a "profile" of a likely shooter. The U. Department of Justice has funded research at the Center for Mental Health and Media at Massachusetts General Hospital to better determine what impact video games have on young people.
Although it is still in the preliminary stages, this research and several other studies suggest that a subset of youths may become more aggressive after playing violent video games. However, in the vast majority of cases, use of violent video games may be part of normal development, especially in boys — and a legitimate source of fun too. Given the likelihood of individual variability, it may be useful to consider the impact of video games within three broad domains: personality, situation, and motivation.
Two psychologists, Dr. Patrick Markey of Villanova University and Dr. Charlotte Markey of Rutgers University, have presented evidence that some children may become more aggressive as a result of watching and playing violent video games, but that most are not affected. After reviewing the research, they concluded that the combination of three personality traits might be most likely to make an individual act and think aggressively after playing a violent video game. In other words, caring and sharing, like aggression and violence, can be practiced and learned, too.
You goal: to minimize exposure to violent content and tilt your child's activities toward positive influences as much as you can. Get expert tips to help your kids stay healthy and happy. Aggress Behav. JAMA Pediatr. Gentile D, Walsh DA. A normative study of family media habits. J Appl Dev Psychol.
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